Bioheat, Biopower and Biogas: Developments and Implications for Agriculture

المصدر: Bioheat, Biopower and Biogas: Developments and Implications for Agriculture
في منتدى : العلوم العامة والبرامج العلمية

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

Bioheat, Biopower and Biogas: Developments and Implications for Agriculture
By
OECD

Publisher
OECD Publishing
Number Of Pages: 57
Publication Date: 13 Apr 2010
ISBN-10 / ASIN:
ISBN-13 / PDF: 9789264085862

Product Description
This report complements earlier OECD work on liquid biofuels and provides
information on biomass based heat and power, as well as on biogas. It discusses
the heterogeneous portfolio of different biomass feedstocks, conversion
technologies, and pathways of utilisation. It also shows that governments in
many countries provide substantial support to the production and use of
renewable energy in general, and bioenergy in particular; these support measures
are highly diverse and are given at national and various sub-national levels.
The results of a large number of life-cycle analyses of various bioheat and
biopower chains reviewed in this study indicate that the objective to reduce GHG
emissions and fossil energy use is met; indeed the savings estimated for most
chains are substantial when compared to fossil alternatives. At present, most of
the chains examined do not compete with food and feed production, and thus the
implications for agricultural markets are small. It is clear, however, that if a
stronger focus on agricultural biomass crops is to be developed, this will
require careful design of support policies so as to avoid compromising the
ability of the agricultural sector to provide food and feed in a sustainable
manner.​

Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Introduction
Key attributes of commercialised biomass crops
Conversion technologies
Combustion
Gasification
Conversion efficiencies for thermal processes
Combined heat and power (CHP) generation (cogeneration)
Anaerobic digestion (AD)
Material preparation
Bioenergy support policy developments
The environmental performance of alternative bioenergy chains'
GHG savings
Energy balance
Market developments in the overall bioenergy context
Costs of bioheat, biopower and biogas production
Implications for agriculture
Annex 1. Technical remarks on live-cycle analyses
References
Additional references for life cycle data
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