Gas Turbine Performance
Book Description
A significant addition to the literature on gas turbine technology, the second edition of Gas Turbine Performance is a lengthy text covering product advances and technological developments. Including extensive figures, charts, tables and formulae, this book will interest everyone concerned with gas turbine technology, whether they are designers, marketing staff or users
Table of Contents
1 Gas Turbine Engine Applications
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Comparison of gas turbine and high speed diesel engines
1.2 Power generation applications
1.3 Industrial mechanical drive applications
1.4 Automotive applications
1.5 Marine applications
1.6 Aircraft applications – propulsion requirements
1.7 Shaft powered aircraft – turboprops and turboshafts
1.8 Thrust propelled aircraft – turbofans, turbojets and ramjets
1.9 Auxiliary power units (APUs)
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
2 The Operational Envelope
2.0 Introduction
2.2 Installation pressure losses
2.3 The flight envelope
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
3 Properties and Charts for Dry Air, Combustion Products and other Working Fluids
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Description of fundamental gas properties
3.2 Description of key thermodynamic parameters
3.3 Composition of dry air an combustion products
3.4 The use of CP and gamma, or specific enthalpy and entropy, in calculations
3.5 Data base for fundamental and thermodynamic gas properties
3.6 Charts showing interrelationships of key thermodynamic parameters. Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
4 Dimensionless, Quasidimensionless, Referred and Scaling Parameter Group
4.0 Introduction. 4.1 The importance of parameter groups
4.2 Tables of parameter groups and description
4.3 Examples of applications
4.4 Second–order effects – steady state performance
4.5 Second–order effects – engines scaling
4.6 Second–order effects – transient performance
4.7 Why components and engines adhere to the parameter group relationships
Sample calculations
Charts
References
5 Gas Turbine Engine Components
5.0 Introduction
5.1 Axial compressors – design point performance and basic sizing
5.2 Axial flow – off design performance
5.3 Centrifugal compressors – design point performance and basic sizing
5.4 Centrifugal compressors – off design performance
5.5 Fans – design point performance and basic sizing
5.6 Fans – off design performance
5.7 Combustors – design point performance and basic sizing
5.8 Combustors – off design performance
5.9 Axial flow turbines – design point performance and basic sizing guidelines
5.10 Axial flow turbines – off design performance
5.11 Radial turbines – design
5.12 Radial turbines – off design performance
5.13 Ducts – design
5.14 Ducts – off design performance
5.15 Air systems, turbines NGV and blade cooling – design point performance
5.16 Air systems – off design performance
5.17 Mechanical losses – design point performance and basic sizing
5.18 Mechanical losses – off design performance
5.19 Mixers – design point performance and basic sizing
5.20 Mixers – off design performance
5.21 Afterburners – design point performance and basic sizing
5.22 Afterburners – off design performance
5.23 Heat exchangers – design point performance and basic sizing
5.24 Heat exchangers – off design performance
5.25 Alternators – design point performance
5.26 Alternators – off design performance
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
6 Design Point Performance and Engine Concept Design
6.0 Introduction
6.1 Design point and off design performance calculations
6.2 Design point performance parameters
6.3 Design point calculation and diagram
6.4 Linearly scaling components and engines
6.5 Design point exchange rates
6.6 Ground rules for generic design point diagrams
6.7 Open shaft power cycles: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
6.8 Combined heat and power: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
6.9 Closed cycles: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
6.10 Aircraft engines shaft power cycles: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
6.11 Aircraft engine thrust cycles: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
6.12 The engine concept design process
6.13 Margins required when specifying target performance levels. Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
7 Off Design Performance
7.0 Introduction
7.1 Generic off design characteristics
7.2 Off design performance modelling – methodology
7.3 Off design performance modelling – flow diagrams and sample calculations
7.4 Geometric variation: modelling and effects
7.5 Engine scaling and different working fluids
7.6 Off design matching: physical mechanisms
7.7 Exchange rates
7.8 Ratings and control
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
8 Transient Performance
8.0 Introduction
8.1 The fundamental transient mechanism
8.2 Transient performance manoeuvres
8.3 Engine accel and decel requirements
8.4 Transient performance phenomena
8.5 Operability concerns
8.6 Surge, rotating stall and locked stall – the events and their detection
8.7 Surge margin requirements and the surge margin stack up
8.8 Parameter groups and transient performance
8.9 Scaling parameter groups and transient performance
8.10 Control strategies during transient manoeuvres
8.11 Transient performance and control models
Formulae
Sample calculations
References
9 Starting
9.0 Introduction
9.1 The fundamental starting process
9.2 Start processes for major engine types and applications
9.3 Engine start requirements
9.4 The impact of ambient temperature and pressure
9.5 Operability issues
9.6 Starting and parameter groups
9.7 Control Strategies and parameter groups
9.8 Starter system variants and selection
9.9 Start and control models
Formulae
Sample calculations
References
10 Windmilling
10.0 Introduction
10.1 Turbojet windmilling
10.2 Turbofan windmilling
10.3 Turboprop windmilling
10.4 Industrial engine windmilling
10.5 Marine engine windmilling
10.6 The effect of ambient conditions
10.7 Scaling an engine
10.8 Windmill testing
10.9 Windmill computer modelling
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
11 Engine Performance Testing
11.0 Introduction
11.1 Types of engine test bed
11.2 Measurements and instrumentation
11.3 Test bed calibration
11.4 Steady state development testing
11.5 Transient development testing
11.6 Application testing
11.7 Production pass off
11.8 Test data analysis
Formulae
Sample calculations
References
12 The Effects of Water – Liquid, Stream and Ice
12.0 Introduction
12.1 Gas properties
12.2 Humidity
12.3 Water injection
12.4 Steam injection
12.5 Condensation
12.6 Rain and ice ingestion
12.7 The thermodynamics of water
12.8 Gas turbine performance modelling and test data analysis
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
13 Fuel and Oil Properties and their Impact
13.0 Introduction
13.1 The combustion process and gas turbine fuel types
13.2 Data base of key fuel properties for performance calculations
13.3 Synthesis exchange rates for primary fuel types
13.4 Oil types and data base of key properties
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
14 Performance of In–service Products
15 Performance and the Economics of Gas Turbine Engines
Appendix A: Station Numbering and Nomenclature
A.0 Introduction
A.1 International station numbering and nomenclature standards
A.2 ARP 755A station numbering
A.3 Nomenclature
A.4 Customer deck requirements
References
Appendix B: Unit Conversions
B.0 Introduction
B.1 Acceleration
B.2 Area
B.3 Density
B.4 Energy
B.5 Force
B.6 Fuel consumption
B.7 Length
B.8 Mass
B.9 Moment of inertia
B.10 Momentum – angular
B.11 Momentum – linear
B.12 Power
B.13 Pressure
B.14 Specific energy
B.15 Specific fuel consumption (SFC
link
http://rapidshare.com/files/9659281/gtp.rar
Book Description
A significant addition to the literature on gas turbine technology, the second edition of Gas Turbine Performance is a lengthy text covering product advances and technological developments. Including extensive figures, charts, tables and formulae, this book will interest everyone concerned with gas turbine technology, whether they are designers, marketing staff or users
Table of Contents
1 Gas Turbine Engine Applications
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Comparison of gas turbine and high speed diesel engines
1.2 Power generation applications
1.3 Industrial mechanical drive applications
1.4 Automotive applications
1.5 Marine applications
1.6 Aircraft applications – propulsion requirements
1.7 Shaft powered aircraft – turboprops and turboshafts
1.8 Thrust propelled aircraft – turbofans, turbojets and ramjets
1.9 Auxiliary power units (APUs)
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
2 The Operational Envelope
2.0 Introduction
2.2 Installation pressure losses
2.3 The flight envelope
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
3 Properties and Charts for Dry Air, Combustion Products and other Working Fluids
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Description of fundamental gas properties
3.2 Description of key thermodynamic parameters
3.3 Composition of dry air an combustion products
3.4 The use of CP and gamma, or specific enthalpy and entropy, in calculations
3.5 Data base for fundamental and thermodynamic gas properties
3.6 Charts showing interrelationships of key thermodynamic parameters. Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
4 Dimensionless, Quasidimensionless, Referred and Scaling Parameter Group
4.0 Introduction. 4.1 The importance of parameter groups
4.2 Tables of parameter groups and description
4.3 Examples of applications
4.4 Second–order effects – steady state performance
4.5 Second–order effects – engines scaling
4.6 Second–order effects – transient performance
4.7 Why components and engines adhere to the parameter group relationships
Sample calculations
Charts
References
5 Gas Turbine Engine Components
5.0 Introduction
5.1 Axial compressors – design point performance and basic sizing
5.2 Axial flow – off design performance
5.3 Centrifugal compressors – design point performance and basic sizing
5.4 Centrifugal compressors – off design performance
5.5 Fans – design point performance and basic sizing
5.6 Fans – off design performance
5.7 Combustors – design point performance and basic sizing
5.8 Combustors – off design performance
5.9 Axial flow turbines – design point performance and basic sizing guidelines
5.10 Axial flow turbines – off design performance
5.11 Radial turbines – design
5.12 Radial turbines – off design performance
5.13 Ducts – design
5.14 Ducts – off design performance
5.15 Air systems, turbines NGV and blade cooling – design point performance
5.16 Air systems – off design performance
5.17 Mechanical losses – design point performance and basic sizing
5.18 Mechanical losses – off design performance
5.19 Mixers – design point performance and basic sizing
5.20 Mixers – off design performance
5.21 Afterburners – design point performance and basic sizing
5.22 Afterburners – off design performance
5.23 Heat exchangers – design point performance and basic sizing
5.24 Heat exchangers – off design performance
5.25 Alternators – design point performance
5.26 Alternators – off design performance
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
6 Design Point Performance and Engine Concept Design
6.0 Introduction
6.1 Design point and off design performance calculations
6.2 Design point performance parameters
6.3 Design point calculation and diagram
6.4 Linearly scaling components and engines
6.5 Design point exchange rates
6.6 Ground rules for generic design point diagrams
6.7 Open shaft power cycles: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
6.8 Combined heat and power: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
6.9 Closed cycles: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
6.10 Aircraft engines shaft power cycles: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
6.11 Aircraft engine thrust cycles: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
6.12 The engine concept design process
6.13 Margins required when specifying target performance levels. Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
7 Off Design Performance
7.0 Introduction
7.1 Generic off design characteristics
7.2 Off design performance modelling – methodology
7.3 Off design performance modelling – flow diagrams and sample calculations
7.4 Geometric variation: modelling and effects
7.5 Engine scaling and different working fluids
7.6 Off design matching: physical mechanisms
7.7 Exchange rates
7.8 Ratings and control
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
8 Transient Performance
8.0 Introduction
8.1 The fundamental transient mechanism
8.2 Transient performance manoeuvres
8.3 Engine accel and decel requirements
8.4 Transient performance phenomena
8.5 Operability concerns
8.6 Surge, rotating stall and locked stall – the events and their detection
8.7 Surge margin requirements and the surge margin stack up
8.8 Parameter groups and transient performance
8.9 Scaling parameter groups and transient performance
8.10 Control strategies during transient manoeuvres
8.11 Transient performance and control models
Formulae
Sample calculations
References
9 Starting
9.0 Introduction
9.1 The fundamental starting process
9.2 Start processes for major engine types and applications
9.3 Engine start requirements
9.4 The impact of ambient temperature and pressure
9.5 Operability issues
9.6 Starting and parameter groups
9.7 Control Strategies and parameter groups
9.8 Starter system variants and selection
9.9 Start and control models
Formulae
Sample calculations
References
10 Windmilling
10.0 Introduction
10.1 Turbojet windmilling
10.2 Turbofan windmilling
10.3 Turboprop windmilling
10.4 Industrial engine windmilling
10.5 Marine engine windmilling
10.6 The effect of ambient conditions
10.7 Scaling an engine
10.8 Windmill testing
10.9 Windmill computer modelling
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
11 Engine Performance Testing
11.0 Introduction
11.1 Types of engine test bed
11.2 Measurements and instrumentation
11.3 Test bed calibration
11.4 Steady state development testing
11.5 Transient development testing
11.6 Application testing
11.7 Production pass off
11.8 Test data analysis
Formulae
Sample calculations
References
12 The Effects of Water – Liquid, Stream and Ice
12.0 Introduction
12.1 Gas properties
12.2 Humidity
12.3 Water injection
12.4 Steam injection
12.5 Condensation
12.6 Rain and ice ingestion
12.7 The thermodynamics of water
12.8 Gas turbine performance modelling and test data analysis
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
13 Fuel and Oil Properties and their Impact
13.0 Introduction
13.1 The combustion process and gas turbine fuel types
13.2 Data base of key fuel properties for performance calculations
13.3 Synthesis exchange rates for primary fuel types
13.4 Oil types and data base of key properties
Formulae
Sample calculations
Charts
References
14 Performance of In–service Products
15 Performance and the Economics of Gas Turbine Engines
Appendix A: Station Numbering and Nomenclature
A.0 Introduction
A.1 International station numbering and nomenclature standards
A.2 ARP 755A station numbering
A.3 Nomenclature
A.4 Customer deck requirements
References
Appendix B: Unit Conversions
B.0 Introduction
B.1 Acceleration
B.2 Area
B.3 Density
B.4 Energy
B.5 Force
B.6 Fuel consumption
B.7 Length
B.8 Mass
B.9 Moment of inertia
B.10 Momentum – angular
B.11 Momentum – linear
B.12 Power
B.13 Pressure
B.14 Specific energy
B.15 Specific fuel consumption (SFC
link
http://rapidshare.com/files/9659281/gtp.rar
