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أحتاج إلى أمثلة عن Fuzzy subrings عاجلاً جداً
كما أحتاج إلى معلومات حول العناصر المميزة في ال Fuzzy subrings مثل:
Fuzzy Idempotent elements
Fuzzy Regular elements
Fuzzy Periodic elements
أرجو المساعدة بسرعة ولكم جزيل الشكر
السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته .........
سيد ابن الخطاب أشكرك بداية على الاهتمام .....وبعد
+ :Definition: A ring consists of a set R together with two binary operations and • , naturally called addition and multiplication, on R thatsatisfy some very familiar axioms.
R, +) is an abelian group. (As usual, we denote the additive identity) -&
(by 0 and the additive inverse of an element x by - x
Multiplication is an associative operation-&&
that is: x .( y . z) =(x .y ).z
Multiplication is left and right distributive over addition; that is -&&&
x .( y + z) = x .y + x • z and (y+z).x = y.x + z.x for all x,y,z from R
If the ring
R satisfies the additional axiom that y • z = z • y for all
y, z,x from R,
then R is called a commutative ring
Definition 1.1.1
The pair (G, .) is a group if the following axioms hold:
G is a set and . is a binary operation on G.
There is an element
e fromG such thate .x =x . e = x for all x from G.
For allx,y,z fromG, x . (y . z) = (x . y) . z. (The operation. is .
associative.)
For all x from G, there exists an element y from G such that x.y = y.x = e.
. If (G, .) satisfies
the additional axiom that x .y = y .x for all x, y from G, we call (G, .) an
abelian or commutative group
.