المصدر: Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Growth Responses في منتدى : العلوم العامة والبرامج العلمية بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Growth Responses by Dinesh K. Maheshwari Publisher Springer; 1st Edition. edition (August 28, 2011) Language: English ISBN-10: 3642203310 ISBN-13: 978-3642203312 BooK description The future of agriculture strongly depends on our ability to enhance productivity without sacrificing long-term production potential. An ecologically and economically sustainable strategy is the application of microorganisms, such as the diverse bacterial species of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). The use of these bio-resources for the enhancement of crop productivity is gaining worldwide importance. SBacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Growth Responses describes the application of various bacteria in plant growth promotion and protection, including symbiotic, free living, rhizospheric, endophytic, methylotrophic, diazotrophic and filamentous species. Common terms and phrases: actinomycetes auxin bacteria bacterium diazotrophic endophytic gene isolated methylotrophic microbial nitrogen fixation Paenibacillus PGPR plant growth promoting production Pseudomonas fluorescens rhizobacteria rhizosphere siderophores species strains Streptomyces surfactin Contents Contributors Chapter 1: Genetic and Phenotypic Diversity of Plant Growth Promoting Bacilli 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria 1.3 Direct Benefits of ePGPRs for Plants 1.4 Promotion of Plant Growth by Bacilli 1.5 Conclusions References Chapter 2: Bacillus mojavensis: Its Endophytic Nature, the Surfactins, and Their Role in the Plant Response to Infection by Fusarium verticillioides 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Surfactin Chemistry and Structural Features 2.2.1 In Vitro Production and Heterogeneity of Surfactins 2.2.2 Surfactin Biocontrol Features 2.3 Plant-Bacterial Endophytic Relationships 2.4 Plant Growth Effects 2.5 Product Transformations 2.6 Fungal-Bacterium Interaction 2.7 Conclusion References Chapter 3: Use of Plant-Associated Bacillus Strains as Biofertilizers and Biocontrol Agents in Agriculture 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Bacilli as Biofungicides and Biofertilizers: Advantages and Disadvantages 3.3 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Paenibacillus polymyxa: Plant-Growth-Promoting Endospore-Forming Bacteria with Biocontrol Activity 3.4 B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42: Taxonomy and Comparative Genomics 3.5 Plant-Bacteria Interactions 3.5.1 Colonization of Plant Roots by B. amyloliquefaciens and P. polymyxa 3.5.2 Effect of Root Exudates on Root-Colonizing Bacilli 3.5.3 Bacterial Compounds, Beneficial for Plant Growth 3.6 Biofertilizer Function 3.6.1 Soil Aggregation 3.6.2 Nitrogen and Nitrite Extrusion 3.6.3 Mineral-Solubilizing Bacteria and Phytase Activity 3.7 Biological Control of Soil and Airborne Plant Diseases 3.7.1 Nonribosomal Lipopeptides 3.7.2 Nonribosomal Synthesized Polyketides 3.7.3 Ribosomal Synthesized Peptides (Lantibiotics and Bacteriocins) 3.7.4 A Case Study: Combined Use of Bacilysin and Difficidin Against Fire Blight 3.7.5 Induced Systemic Resistance 3.7.5.1 Comparison of FZB42 with Related Strains 3.8 Conclusions and Outlook References Chapter 4: Mechanisms of Fluorescent Pseudomonads That Mediate Biological Control of Phytopathogens and Plant Growth Promotion of Crop Plants 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Biocontrol Mechanisms 4.2.1 Fungal Cell Wall-Degrading Enzymes 4.2.2 Antifungal Metabolites 4.2.2.1 Phenazines 4.2.2.2 Phloroglucinols 4.2.2.3 Pyrrols 4.2.2.4 Polyketides 4.2.2.5 Peptide Antibiotics 4.2.3 Hydrogen Cyanide 4.2.4 Siderophores and Pathogen Suppression 4.2.5 Competition 4.2.6 Cell Wall Components 4.2.7 Induced Systemic Resistance 4.3 Plant Growth Promotion Mechanisms 4.3.1 Phosphate Solubilization 4.3.2 Denitrification 4.3.3 Siderophores and Growth Promotion 4.3.4 Phytohormones and Enzymes 4.3.4.1 Indole-3-Acetic Acid 4.3.4.2 Cytokinins 4.3.4.3 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Deaminase 4.3.5 Vitamins 4.4 Concluding Remarks References Chapter 5: Role of Pseudomonas aurantiaca in Crop Improvement 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Rhizosphere Colonization 5.3 Growth Promotion Mechanisms 5.3.1 Indole Acetic Acid Production 5.3.2 Biocontrol Activity 5.4 Legume Responses to Inoculation with P. aurantiaca SR1 5.5 Conclusion References Chapter 6: What Is Expected from the Genus Azospirillum as a Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria? 6.1 The Genus Azospirillum 6.2 Genetics and Biochemistry 6.3 Bacterial Behavior in Plants 6.4 Plant Growth Promotion: Mechanisms 6.4.1 Phytohormone Production 6.4.2 Siderophore Production 6.4.3 P-Solubilization 6.4.4 Nitrogen Fixation 6.5 Agricultural Application 6.6 Final Considerations References Chapter 7: Plasmid Plasticity in the Plant-Associated Bacteria of the Genus Azospirillum 7.1 Introduction 7.2 General Features of Multipartite Azospirillum Genomes 7.2.1 Plasmids 7.2.2 Insertion Sequences 7.2.3 Prophages 7.2.4 Genomic Islands 7.3 Plasmid Dynamics and Phenotypic Variations in Several Azospirillum Species 7.3.1 Azospirillum brasilense 7.3.2 Azospirillum lipoferum 7.3.3 Azospirillum irakense 7.4 Concluding Remarks References Chapter 8: Enterobacter: Role in Plant Growth Promotion 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Plant Growth Promoting Attributes 8.2.1 Nitrogen Fixation 8.2.2 Siderophore Production 8.2.3 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylase 8.2.4 Antimicrobial Compounds 8.2.5 Hormonal Signals Involved in Plant Growth Promotion 8.3 Molecular Biology and General Features Enterobacter sp. 8.4 Selected Species of Enterobacter 8.4.1 Enterobacter cloacae UW5: Aromatic Amino Acid-Dependent Expression of Indole-3-Pyruvate Decarboxylase and Overexpression of hns Gene 8.4.2 Enterobacter ludwigii sp.: A Novel Species of Plant Growth and Its Clinical Relevance 8.4.3 Enterobacter radicincitans sp.: A Novel Plant Growth Promoting Species 8.4.4 Enterobacter asburiae PSI3 and E. asburiae PS2: Secreting Organic Acid and Phytotoxic Effect of Cd Metal and Phosphate Solubilization Influenced by Fungicide 8.4.5 Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter): Evidence for Plant Association 8.4.6 Enterobacter cancerogenus: A Novel Plant Growth Promoting Agent 8.5 Conclusion References Chapter 9: Nitrogen-Fixing Endophytic Bacteria for Improved Plant Growth 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Methods of Analysis 9.3 Diazotrophic Endophytes 9.3.1 Diazotrophic Endophytes from Monocot Crops: Sugarcane, Rice, and Maize 9.3.2 Diazotrophic Endophytes from Dicot Crops: Sweet Potato and Coffee 9.3.3 Diazotrophic Endophytes from Bioenergy Crops: Poplar and Willow 9.4 Conclusions References Chapter 10: Endophytic Actinomycetes: Biocontrol Agents and Growth Promoters 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Isolation of Endophytic Actinomycetes 10.2.1 Isolation Sources 10.2.2 Isolation Procedures 10.3 Diversity and Organ-Specificity of Endophytic Actinomycetes 10.4 Mode of Penetration and in Planta Localization of Endophytic Actinomycetes 10.5 Endophytic Actinomycetes as Biological Control Agents 10.5.1 Biocontrol of Soil-Borne Diseases 10.5.2 Biocontrol of Foliar Diseases 10.6 Endophytic Actinomycetes as Plant Growth Promoters 10.7 Conclusion References Chapter 11: Bacteria Associated with Orchid Roots 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Orchids 11.2.1 Orchid-Associated Bacteria 11.2.2 Cyanobacteria 11.2.3 Rhizobacteria 11.2.3.1 Auxin Production by Orchid-Associated Rhizobacteria 11.3 Conclusion References Chapter 12: Diversity and Beneficial Interactions Among Methylobacterium and Plants 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Methanol-Oxidizing Microorganisms 12.3 Diversity of Soil Methanol-Utilizing Bacteria 12.4 Plant-Associated Methylobacterium 12.5 ACC Deaminase Producing Methylobacterium and Their Effects on Plant Growth 12.6 Conclusions References Chapter 13: Actinobacteria-Plant Interactions: A Boon to Agriculture 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Actinomycetes 13.3 The Rhizosphere 13.3.1 Diversity in the Rhizosphere 13.3.2 Exudates in the Rhizosphere 13.4 Biological Control of Plant Diseases by Actinobacteria 13.4.1 Antibiosis 13.4.2 Colonization of Plant Roots and Surfaces 13.4.2.1 Competition Competition for Iron: Importance of Siderophores 13.4.3 Parasitism and the Production of Extracellular Proteins 13.4.4 Volatile Substances 13.5 Plant Growth Promotion by Actinobacteria 13.5.1 Nutrient Uptake 13.5.1.1 Iron Sequestration 13.5.1.2 Enhancement of Phosphorus Availability 13.5.1.3 Phytohormone Production 13.5.2 Current Limitations of PGPR 13.6 Considerations for Actinomycete Formulations 13.7 Conclusion References Chapter 14: Functional Significance of Insect Gut Bacteria and Their Role in Host Insect Processes, Development, and Crop Production 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Functional Significance of Insect Gut Bacteria 14.2.1 Role of Chitinase Produced by Gut Bacteria in Host Insect Processes 14.2.2 Gut Bacteria Mediated Detoxification of Allelochemical and Xenobiotics 14.2.3 Gut Bacteria Mediated Disease Resistance in Host Insect 14.2.4 Gut Bacteria Mediated Protection Against Biopesticides 14.2.5 Gut Bacteria Mediated Nitrogen Fixation in Insects 14.3 Potential of Antibiotic Therapy for Insect Pest Management 14.4 Insect Gut Bacteria as Biocontrol Agents and PGPB 14.5 Future Thrust References Chapter 15: Potentials for Biological Control of Plant Diseases by Lysobacter spp., with Special Reference to Strain SB-K88 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Habitat and Taxonomic Position 15.3 Suppression of Plant Diseases by Lysobacter spp. 15.3.1 Suppression of Plant Diseases by Lysobacter enzymogenes Strain C3 15.3.2 Lysobacter sp. SB-K88 Suppresses Damping-Off Diseases 15.3.3 Disease Suppression by L. enzymogenes Strain 3.1T8 and Others 15.4 General Active Principle and Mechanisms of Disease Suppression 15.4.1 Secretion of Lytic Enzymes as Mean of Biocontrol 15.4.2 Antibiosis as a Means of Biocontrol 15.4.2.1 Secretion of Macrocyclic Lactam Antibiotics by SB-K88 15.4.2.2 Antibiosis as Mode of Action of Biocontrol by L. enzymogenes Strain C3 and Others 15.4.2.3 Biosynthetic Origin of Macrocyclic Lactam Antibiotics 15.4.3 Plant Colonization and Biofilm Formation 15.4.4 Induced Systematic Resistance 15.4.5 Wolf-Pack Predation 15.4.6 Production of Allelochemicals and Growth Promoting Effects 15.5 Conclusion and Perspective References Index LinK or or or archive password: ebooksclub.org
