Civil and structural engineering consultants engaged in quality control or investigations of hardened concrete need a comprehensive resource that explains the methods of determining strength and other performance characteristics.Handbook on Nondestructive Testing of Concrete, Second Edition answers this demand by providing a thorough analysis of nondestructive testing used to evaluate concrete structures. The Handbook examines the tools and techniques used to estimate the in-place strength of concrete and permeation properties that relate to potential durability, and it also describes the methods used to assess the condition of concrete integrity and steel reinforcement. The authors of each chapter are recognized specialists in the field who have served on technical committees for nondestructive testing. The chapters discuss the basic principles of the methods and offer practical guidance for their use. Extensive mathematical derivations are kept to a minimum; instead, the Handbook refers to numerous original papers for those interested in more detailed information.The Second Edition meets your need to generate reliable estimates of mechanical properties without damaging a structure's integrity.
Contents
Surface Hardness Methods
Introduction
Indentation Methods
Rebound Method
Limitations
Rebound Number and Estimation of Compressive Strength
Rebound Number and Flexural Strength
Rebound Number and Modulus of Elasticity
North American Survey on the Use of the Rebound Hammer Standardization of Surface Hardness Methods
Limitations and Usefulness
Introduction
Indentation Methods
Rebound Method
Limitations
Rebound Number and Estimation of Compressive Strength
Rebound Number and Flexural Strength
Rebound Number and Modulus of Elasticity
North American Survey on the Use of the Rebound Hammer Standardization of Surface Hardness Methods
Limitations and Usefulness
Penetration Resistance Methods
Introduction
Probe Penetration Test System
Evaluation of the Probe Penetration Test
Pin Penetration Test
Standardization of Penetration Resistance Techniques
Limitations and Usefulness of Penetration Resistance Methods
Introduction
Probe Penetration Test System
Evaluation of the Probe Penetration Test
Pin Penetration Test
Standardization of Penetration Resistance Techniques
Limitations and Usefulness of Penetration Resistance Methods
Pullout Test
Introduction
Historical Background
Failure Mechanism
Statistical Characteristics
Applications
Introduction
Historical Background
Failure Mechanism
Statistical Characteristics
Applications
The Break-Off Test Method
Introduction
Theoretical Considerations
Break-Off Test Equipment
Historical Background
Test Procedure
Evaluation of Test Specimens
Applications
Advantages and Limitations
Standardization of the B.O. Method
Introduction
Theoretical Considerations
Break-Off Test Equipment
Historical Background
Test Procedure
Evaluation of Test Specimens
Applications
Advantages and Limitations
Standardization of the B.O. Method
The Maturity Method
Introduction
Historical Background
Theoretical Basis
Application of Maturity Method
Standard Practice
Introduction
Historical Background
Theoretical Basis
Application of Maturity Method
Standard Practice
Pull-Off Test and Permeation Tests
Introduction
In Situ Strength Assessment
Measuring Concrete Permeation Properties
Description of Test Methods
Introduction
In Situ Strength Assessment
Measuring Concrete Permeation Properties
Description of Test Methods
Resonant Frequency Methods
Introduction
Resonant Frequency Method
Other Methods of Resonant Frequent Testing
Factors Affecting Resonant Frequency and Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity
Resonant Frequency and Durability of Concrete
Reproducibility of Test Results
Correlation Between Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity and Strength
Properties of Concrete
Comparison of Moduli of Elasticity Determined from Longitudinal and
Transverse Frequencies
Comparison of Dynamic and Static Moduli of Elasticity
Specialized Applications of Resonance Tests
Damping Properties of Concrete
Standardization of Resonant Frequency Methods
Limitations and Usefulness of Resonant Frequency Methods
Introduction
Resonant Frequency Method
Other Methods of Resonant Frequent Testing
Factors Affecting Resonant Frequency and Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity
Resonant Frequency and Durability of Concrete
Reproducibility of Test Results
Correlation Between Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity and Strength
Properties of Concrete
Comparison of Moduli of Elasticity Determined from Longitudinal and
Transverse Frequencies
Comparison of Dynamic and Static Moduli of Elasticity
Specialized Applications of Resonance Tests
Damping Properties of Concrete
Standardization of Resonant Frequency Methods
Limitations and Usefulness of Resonant Frequency Methods
The Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Method
Historical Background
Pulse Velocity Test Instrument
The Pulse Velocity Method
Factors Affecting the Pulse Velocity
Standardization of the Pulse Velocity Method
Applications
Advantages and Limitations
Historical Background
Pulse Velocity Test Instrument
The Pulse Velocity Method
Factors Affecting the Pulse Velocity
Standardization of the Pulse Velocity Method
Applications
Advantages and Limitations
Combined Methods
Introduction
Historical Development
Combined Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity and Hardness Measurement Techniques
Introduction
Historical Development
Combined Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity and Hardness Measurement Techniques
Magnetic/Electrical Methods
Magnetic/Electrical Methods
Magnetic Methods
Electrical Methods
Magnetic/Electrical Methods
Magnetic Methods
Electrical Methods
Methods to Evaluate Corrosion of Reinforcement
Introduction
Principles of Corrosion
Corrosion of Steel in Concrete
Half-Cell Potential Method
Concrete Resistivity
Polarization Resistance
Introduction
Principles of Corrosion
Corrosion of Steel in Concrete
Half-Cell Potential Method
Concrete Resistivity
Polarization Resistance
Radioactive/Nuclear Methods
Introduction
General Principles
Radio
Radiography
Neutron-Gamma Techniques
Introduction
General Principles
Radio
Radiography
Neutron-Gamma Techniques
Short-Pulse Radar Methods
Introduction
Principle of Short-Pulse Radar
Instrumentation
Applications
Introduction
Principle of Short-Pulse Radar
Instrumentation
Applications
Stress Wave Propagation Methods
Introduction
Basic Principles
Test Methods
Introduction
Basic Principles
Test Methods
Infrared Thermographic Techniques
Introduction
Historical Background
Theoretical Considerations
Testing Equipment
Testing Procedures
15.6 Case Histories
Advantages and Limitations
Introduction
Historical Background
Theoretical Considerations
Testing Equipment
Testing Procedures
15.6 Case Histories
Advantages and Limitations
Acoustic Emission Methods
Introduction
Historical Background
Theoretical Considerations
Evaluation of Acoustic Emission Signals
Instrumentation and Test Procedures
Parameters Affecting Acoustic Emissions from Concrete
Laboratory Studies of Acoustic Emission
Field Studies of Acoustic Emission
Introduction
Historical Background
Theoretical Considerations
Evaluation of Acoustic Emission Signals
Instrumentation and Test Procedures
Parameters Affecting Acoustic Emissions from Concrete
Laboratory Studies of Acoustic Emission
Field Studies of Acoustic Emission
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